Aeroplane.



L. CAMMEN AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, WW.

Patented Feb. 11; 1919.

5 mua 11106 L 601m Xi @513 m @Uozvuuz 1/1 LEON CAMMEN, OF NEW YORK, N.Y,

AEROPLANE.

Application filed January 12, 1917.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEON GAMMEN, a citizen of the United States, andresident of the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county, and State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inAeroplanes, of which the following is a specification.

This application, which is a companion case to my application Serial No.135,551, is directed to means for silencing the exhaust ofaeroplane'engines.

Taking advantage of the fact that an aeroplane engine is located usuallyin the forward part of the fuselage and that a mufller compartment maybe provided in a rear portion of the fuselage, it is evident that astraight ath of travel for the exhaust gases is available, of suchextent as to allow these gases to become considerably cooled and reducedin pressure before reaching the mufier device. I

Thus 1 may employ a connecting pipe whose sectional area exceeds that ofthe exhaust manifold. This pipe may be wholly or in part exposed alongthe side of the fuselage, to afl'ord a large cooling surface, and mayincrease in its sectional area toward the mufier compartment.

By these means, i. e. length of passage, and increasing sectional areaof the exhaust pipe, the velocity of the gases may be so reduced as toset up only a negligible amount of back pressure with any form ofmuffler device employed.

The muffler itself may be of any desired character to retard the flow ofthe exhaust gases before passing to the atmosphere.

In the drawing Figure 1 is a plan View of an aeroplane, the supportingwings being broken away.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a portion of the fuselage, and I Fig. 3 isa detail view, enlarged, of a portion of the exhaust pipe, showing itscon nection with the muifier.

in said views the numeral 1 indicates the body portion or fuselage ofthe aeroplane, having the supportin wings 2. Numeral 3 indicates theengine, ocated in the forward portion of the fuselage, and 4 indicates amutller located in the rear inclosed portion of the fuselage, being thusseparated by a considerable distance from the engine.

The engine manifold 5 communicates with an exhaust pipe or duct 6, whosetransverse Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 11, 1919.

Serial No. 141,938.

or sectional area exceeds that of'the manifold so as to allow theexhaust gases entering said pipe to immediately expand, whereby thevelocity of the exhaust gases is reduced, said pipe 6 communicating atits 0pposite end with an enlarged chamber 7 which tion of the atmospherefor cooling purposes,

to thus present a relatively large radiating surface. The particularfunction of the chamber 7 in its enlarged sectional capacity, is that itmay produce a fall in pressure of the exhaust gases, greater than thesubsequent rise in pressure induced by the muflier with relation to saidgases.

1 claim 2- 1. The combination, in an aeroplane having a fuselage,of anengine and a muffler distantly separated within said fuselage, and asubstantially straight line interconnecting pipe, whose sectional areaexceeds that of the exhaust manifold with which it connects, to theextent of permitting a fall in pressure in the traversing gases greaterthan the subsequent rise in pressure therein induced by the muffler.

2. The combination, in an aeroplane having a fuselage, of an engine anda muffler distantly separated within said fuselage, and a substantiallystraight line interconnecting pipe arranged to permit radiationtherefrom, the sectional area of said pipe exceeding that of the exhaustmanifold with which it connects, to the extent of permitting a fall inpressure in the traversing gases greater than the subsequent rise inpressure therein induced by the muffler.

3. The combination, in an aeroplane having a fuselage, of an engine anda muflier distantly separated within said fuselage, and a substantiallystraight line interconnecting pipe, lying partly exposed alongthe sideof the fuselage for heat radiation, the sectional area of said pipeexceeding that of the exhaust manifold with which it connects, to theextent of permitting a fall in pressure in the traversing gases greaterthan the subsequent rise in pressure therein induced by the muflier.

4C. The combination, in an aeroplane having a central longitudinal body,said body havin a motor in its forward portion and a muEer inclosedwithin its rear portion, of an exhaust pipe of enlarged, flattenedsection, extending from said motor to said muflier, and lying againstthe side of the fuselage, the sectional area of said pipe exceedin thatof the exhaust manifoldwith which 1t connects, to the extent ofpermitting a fall in pressure in the traversing gases greater than thesubsequent rise in pressure therein induced by the mufiier.

5. The combination, with an engine and a muflier distantly separatedtherefrom, of a communicating passage, exposed to radiation between theengine manifold and said mufl'ler, the sectional area of said passage,which exceeds that of the manifold, and its length, characterized aspermitting, through heat losses and expansion, a fall in pressure of theexhaust gases, greater than the subsequent rise in pressure induced bythe muffler, with relation to said gases.

ing a fuselage, of an engine,'a mufiier mea er.

6. The combination, in an aeroplane heav 1stantly separated from saidengine and inclosed within said fuselage, and. a substantially straightline interconnecting passage, the sectional area of said passageexceeding that of theexhaust manifold with which .it connects, to theextent of permitting afall in pressure in the traversing gases greaterthan the subsequent rise in pressure therein" induced by the mufier.

. 7. The combination, in an aeroplane having a fuselage, of an engine, amuflier distant ly separated from said engine and inclosed within saidfuselage, a passage extending from said engine toward said muffler, anda chamber of greater sectional area than said passage, connecting saidpassage and muffler, said passage and chamber being in substantiallystraight line communication with said engine.

Signed at the borough of Manhattan in the city, county\and State of NewYbrk this 10th day of January A. D. 1916.

' LEON CAMMEN.

Witnesses:

' F. W. BARKER,

WM. E. BULLOCK.

